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Studies show that particular types of gardens are more therapeutic for Alzheimer's patients and the elderly. A garden that contains walls or fences, water, canopy type plants, hills and paved walkways are fundamental in creating a garden that soothes and comforts. Using walls or fences around the perimeter of the garden allow them to feel safe and create a sense of security in their surroundings. The use of water, such as a pond, waterfall or small fountain will give a feeling of comfort. Trellises and/or trees creating a canopy effect also give a sense of security. Small hills with a slight and subtle slope can be used, having a seating area at the peak of the slope. This allows patients to sit and view the garden and also gives them a sense of empowerment. The hills also add a three dimensional effect to the garden. Paving walkways throughout the garden (also using handrails in certain areas) allows for easy access for wheelchairs, walkers and the unsure footed. Horticultural therapy in assisted living facilities, skilled nursing facilities and residential group homes can be used a number of different ways. Participation in creating a garden, growing herbs, making ceramic pots and macramé pot hangers are just a few ideas to involve patients. The idea is to empower the patients and give them encouragement without frustrating and overwhelming them. Keep tasks manageable and personalize the type of gardening to suit the needs of the patients. If a person has arthritis, it might be difficult to macramé a pot hanger. Growing herbs might be a better, more manageable task. Setting up a store to sell the items made by the patients gives them a sense of accomplishment where they can truly see the fruits of their labors. It also supplies revenue to return to the garden for needed supplies. Horticultural therapy can also be used with child patients. Even ill children tend to have more energy than aging adults. All of the options listed above can be used for children. A vegetable garden can also be used. Because children tend to lack patience, vegetable gardens grow relatively quickly and they can see the fruits of their labors.
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